Diet and weight management

Abstract

The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically over the past 30 years in the United States and globally. Obesity is strongly associated with incidence of and mortality due to many chronic diseases, including certain cancers, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, and obstructive sleep apnea. An unhealthy diet is a risk factor for developing obesity. This chapter reviews evidence from epidemiologic studies and clinical trials regarding the effects of diet on obesity and chronic disease outcomes. Studies that examine dietary patterns are reviewed and provide guidance in making diet recommendations to patients. Treatment of obesity and chronic diseases and dietary strategies for obesity prevention are presented.