Derrida contra Husserl : la crítica de la voz y el fenómeno a la teoría del signo de la primera investigación lógica de Husserl

Abstract

In this article the author tries to deconstruct the critic against Husserl´s analysis of the signs in the first logical investigation as it is exposed in Derri-das´s work Speech and Phenomena (1967). Derrida's main critic is that the husserlian distinction between two kinds of signs-expressions (signs with signification) and indications-is unjustified and artificial. He also rejects the husserlian topic that sustains the ideality of significations and misinterprets the concept of meaning by understanding it as "the intention to say some-thing". The author of the article tries to show how Derrida manipulates the very strict husserlian notions by means of small but severe conceptual perversions that allow him to criticize without reason Husserls understanding of the meaning as built upon some conscious "forgetting" of the empiric side and of the indicative function of the expressions. The article begins with an exposition of some important points of the first logical investigation and then tries to show how Derrida manipulates them in his "approach" to the husserlian text. El pensamiento de Derrida se califica a sí mismo como "decons-trucción" de la tradición metafísica occidental, tradición que es ataca-da desde diferentes perspectivas. La primera de ellas es ser conside-rada una "metafísica de la presencia", puesto que en ella habría una clara tendencia a definir cognoscitivamente lo que es un objeto en virtud de aquellas dimensiones del objeto que se aparecen y que son presentes despreciando aquellas que aunque ocultas, ausentes, pa-sadas y futuras también le pertenecen. Una segunda perspectiva crí-tica a la tradición se centraría en torno a la acusación de ser "logo-centrista", en la medida en que su discurso se movería sobre el pre