Protective Effect of Hesperidin on Kidneys and Testes of Adult Male Rats Exposed to Bisphenol A

Abstract

Background: Bisphenol A, a global environmental pollutant, has been reported to induce organs toxicity. Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside which is found in citrus fruits. It has antioxidant properties; so it can protect cells from oxidative stress. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of bisphenol A on the kidneys and testes after repeated oral dose and evaluate the possible protective effect of hesperidin when co-administered with it. Materials and Methods: Forty-two adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: Group I (Control group), Group II (Hesperidin only group) received hesperidin orally at the dose of 200 mg/kg/day. Group III (Bisphenol only group) treated orally with bisphenol A at dose 160 mg/kg/day. Group IV (Bisphenol& hesperidin group) received bisphenol A and hesperidin. After two months, all animals were sacrificed, and blood was collected for analysis (kidney functions and hormones level). The kidneys and testes were preserved for histopathological examination. Results: Repeated oral administration of bisphenol A induced statistically significant increase in the level of urea and creatinine, statistically significant decrease in serum level of FSH, LH and testosterone. Histopathological examination of kidneys and testes revealed multiple histopathological changes. These toxic effects declined markedly when hesperidin was co-administered with bisphenol A. Conclusion: The present study concluded that bisphenol A has many toxic effects on kidneys and testes both structurally and functionally and hesperidin has a protective role against such harmful effects.