Sarcoidosis is associated with lower risks of penetrating disease and colectomy in hospitalized patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Background and Aim: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and sarcoidosis, primarily considered distinct entities, share commonalties in pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. This study aimed to examine the in-hospital outcomes of patients with concurrent IBD and sarcoidosis. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify hospitalized adult patients with IBD and sarcoidosis from 2010 to 2014. Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, rates of septic shock, acute renal failure, respiratory failure, length of stay, and total hospitalization charges. Secondary outcomes were IBD-specific complications and surgery interventions. Results: A total of 3995 patients with IBD and coexisting sarcoidosis (IBD/sarcoidosis), of which 2500 patients had Crohn's disease with coexisting sarcoidosis (Crohn's disease [CD]/sarcoidosis) and 1495 patients had ulcerative colitis with coexisting sarcoidosis (ulcerative colitis [UC]/sarcoidosis), were included. Patients with IBD/sarcoidosis had a lower risk of penetrating disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16–0.55, P < 0.0001) and colectomy (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27–0.84, P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis demonstrated lower rates of colectomy when comparing CD/sarcoidosis (P < 0.05) and UC/sarcoidosis (P = 0.0003) versus CD or UC alone. There was no difference in mortality. Conclusion: IBD/sarcoidosis is associated with lower risks of penetrating disease and colectomy when compared to patients with IBD alone.