Pengaruh Pelayanan Kesehatan terhadap Gizi Buruk Anak Usia 6 _ 24 Bulan

Abstract

Gizi kurang dan gizi buruk merupakan penyebab kematian sekitar 55% anak di bawah usia lima tahun di seluruh dunia. Kelompok usia 6 – 24 bulan merupakan masa kritis anak karena selain merupakan periode pertumbuhan kritis juga karena kegagalan tumbuh mulai terlihat. Tujuan penelitianini adalah menilai faktor risiko gizi buruk anak usia 6 – 24 bulan dalam upaya mengendalikan pencegahan dan pengendalian gizi buruk. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan studi kasus kontrol pendekatan retrospektif. Faktor risiko yang berpengaruh adalah pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan(odds ratio, OR = 12,5), penyakit infeksi (OR = 4,04), pola asuh makan (OR = 4,8); dan pendapatan keluarga (OR = 5,8). Peningkatan status gizi anak diupayakan dengan meningkatkan peran posyandu dan ibu dalam upayapencegahan penyakit infeksi serta mensosialisasikan menu gizi seimbang agar anak dapat tumbuh dan kembang secara optimal.Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, gizi buruk, anak 6 – 24 bulanAbstractMalnutrition is the cause of death of about 55% of children under the age of five worldwide. A critical period happen on children aged between 6 and 24 months because those ranges of age groups indicate extremely serious condition regarding their growth. The objective of this research was to identifyrisk factors for the occurrence of malnutrition on children between 6 and 24 months at the Health Center of Kembaran I, Banyumas Regency as an effort to develop a model for controlling them. This research used a case control design with a retrospective approach towards eighty-six children. Data was analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate (logistic regression) methods The risk factors that influenced to the occurrence of malnutrition were the use of health services (odds ratio, OR = 12,5); infectious diseases (OR = 4,04); eating pattern (OR = 4,8); and family income (OR = 5,8). As a suggestion, to improve a nutrition status on children, it needs to increase roles of an integrated services post and roles of mothers as efforts to prevent infectious diseases and socialize balanced nutrition menu to achieve a child’s growth and development optimally.Key words: Risk factors, malnutrition, children aged between 6 and 24 months