A Survey Paper on Evolution of Vanet Towards IOV

Abstract

Internet of Vehicles (IOV) is what came through after a significant metamorphosis of the conventional VANET technology, wherein it interacts with different entities such as vehicles, roads, pedestrians, parking lots, and city infrastructure and provides real-time communication between them. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is a kind of Mobile ad hoc network (MANETs)-where the topography of the wireless network is constantly changing due to the high mobility of vehicles. The numerous applications of machine learning algorithms and 5G technologies have played a key role in the versatile applications for the Internet of vehicles. In this paper, we briefly look at the various routing protocols, mobility models, problems, and possible solutions in the security features and the implementation methods of a smarter VANET. Also, we take a look at the progression between VANET from MANET to 5G-LTE. And we come to conclude, that VANET using IEEE 802.11n is the most efficient one.