Carbohydrate digestion in humans from a β-glucan-enriched barley is reduced

Abstract

Obese and diabetic patients may benefit from foodstuffs that are poorly absorbed and/or digested at a slower rate. Prowashonupana (PW) is a cultivar of barley, whose grains are enriched in β-glucans, and thus may be less digestible than standard barley (barley cultivar (BZ) 594.35.e). To test this, both kinds of barley were grown in a chamber into which 13CO2 was injected. On two occasions, 10 healthy hydrogen (H2)-producing adults consumed in random order one 35-g portion of each of the cooked, dehulled 13C-enriched grains. CO2 production was measured in a whole-body direct calorimeter, and H2 and 13CO2 were measured in breath at baseline and intermittently for 450 min. The percentage of the 13C dose recovered in breath was calculated. Results were compared by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The percentage of the 13C dose oxidized was greater after BZ than after PW consumption (P < 0.05). The area under the curve for H2 was greater after PW (mean ± SD, 8658 ± 6582) than after BZ (5178 ± 4759) intake (P < 0.05), whereas there was no difference in CO2. production. We conclude that absorption of PW is significantly lower than that of BZ, making the modified barley appropriate for obese and diabetic patients.