Nationale ambulante Standards

Abstract

Over 150 published basic strategies for problem solving are documented and compared. “Nested” strategies are described. Research is summarized of the cognitive and attitudinal processing used when we solve problems. The connection between past problems that have been solved successfully, the subject knowledge, the current problem to be solved, and the problem solving process is described. “Problems” are distinguished from “exercises.” Based on the research evidence, eleven criteria are posed for the creation of an evidence-based strategy. A resulting strategy is described. Suggestions are given about how to overcome the propensity to use the strategy as a series of linear, sequential steps. Evidence is summarized of the use and effectiveness of the proposed evidence-based strategy. Most successful problem solvers use a “strategy.” In this paper, we survey published strategies, consider the research evidence about the appropriateness of using and teaching via strategies, summarize pertinent research evidence about the problem solving process and apply criteria to devise an evidence-based strategy for problem solving.