The availability of base elements (Ca, Mg, Na, K) in some important soil types in Serbia

Abstract

In this paper results are presented of agrochemical and mineralogical analyses of 14 types of important soils in Serbia (Vojvodina and Central Serbia) and total content and availability of base alkali elements (Ca, Mg Na, K) are determined. Total element content was as follows: Ca 2.22%; K 1.77%; Na 0.85% and Mg 0.61%. Total content of alkali metals in the soils investigated and their variations within and between the soil types, is in very good/close correlation with contents of primary and secondary minerals as well as their rates of weathering. Taking in account the average availabilities the most abundant is calcium with 947 mg/100 g, whilst the averages of the other elements (Mg, K and Na) are quite similar and are about of 40 mg/100 g of soil. The results obtained have shown that the soils investigated are well to moderate provided with K, Ca and Mg and that their deficit could not be expected in plant nutrition, apart for some plants/cultures in the case of magnesium due to occasionally higher Ca/Mg and K/Mg ratios.U ovom radu je ispitivano 100 reprezentativnih uzoraka 14 tipova zemljista Srbije (Vojvodina, Sumadija i Severno Pomoravlje) u pogledu ukupnog i pristupacnog sadrzaja osnovnih alkalnih metala (Ca, Mg, K i Na). Takodje je prikazan i prosecan mineraloski sastav ispitivanih zemljista. Nadjeni su sledeci srednji ukupni sadrzaji ispitivanih elemenata: Ca - 2,25%; K - 1,77% Na - 0,85% i Mg - 0,61%. Ukupni sadrzaji ispitivanih alkalnih metala u nasim zemljistima i njihova vapipanja izmedju i unutar zemljisnih tipova u uskoj su vezi sa zastupljenoscu odredjenih primarnih i sekundarnih minerala i njihovom otpornoscu na raspadanje. Prema srednjim vrednostima za pristupacne sadrzaje najvise ima kalcijuma (947 mg/100 g), a srednji sadrzaji za ostale baze (Mg K i Na) su vrlo slicni i krecu ce oko 40 mg/100 g. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da su ispitivana zemljista dobro i srednje obezbedjena K, Ca i Mg i da se ne mogu ocekivati njihovi deficiti za ishranu biljaka, osim za neke kulture u slucaju magnezijuma, zbog ponekad suvise povisenih odnosa Ca/Mg i K/Mg.