Diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection by detection of specific immunoglobulin m antibody in saliva

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Abstract

Serum and saliva samples were simultaneously collected from patients with B19 infection. Specimens were collected in a period of 1 to 18 days after the onset of symptoms. Saliva samples were collected with a commercial device, OraSure. The quality of these samples was evaluated by determining the concentration of total immunoglobulin G (IgG) by an enzyme immunoassay. The concentration of IgG in these samples ranged from 4.8 to >250 mg/liter. B19 infection was confirmed for 20 patients by testing sera in a 1:100 dilution by an IgM capture enzyme immunoassay (MACEIA) and an IgM capture hemadherence test (MACHAT). Saliva samples from these IgM-positive patients were tested neat by MACEIA and MACHAT. IgM could be detected in 11 of 20 (55%) samples by MACEIA and in 15 of 18 (83%) samples by MACHAT. Serum and saliva samples from a further 17 patients with rash were also tested. All of these specimens were unreactive by both assays. These results show that saliva may be a convenient alternative to serum for the diagnosis of recent B19 infection.

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Cubel, R. C. N., Oliveira, S. A., Brown, D. W. G., Cohen, B. J., & Nascimento, J. P. (1996). Diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection by detection of specific immunoglobulin m antibody in saliva. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 34(1), 205–207. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.34.1.205-207.1996

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