Video Coding (MPEG-2, MPEG-4/AVC, HEVC)

Abstract

The data rates of uncompressed digital video signals range from 270 Mbit/s (SDTV) through 1.5 Gbit/s (HDTV) or 3 Gbit/s (HDTV) to 12 Gbit/s (UHDTV). However, these data rates are too high for efficient storage or transmission, so they need to be first compressed using a so-called perceptual coding to reduce the amount of data. This process is called source coding. In digital TV broadcasting this compression is one of the tasks of the so-called headend, but such operations are sometimes also performed when the video signals are recorded (reportage camera, home video camera, mobile phone, etc.).