Calciotropic Hormones and Osteosarcopenia

Abstract

Increase in life expectancy and decrease in mortality associated with a decrease in physical activity leads to population aging and the development of certain age-related pathologies such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia. These two conditions are very often linked and denominated under the same term: osteosarcopenia. There is an interconnection between muscle and bone permitted by hormonal mediators. Involvement of hormones and calciotropic proteins in osteosarcopenia involves especially vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, osteocalcin, leptin, and gonadal steroid causing changes in bone and muscle structure and function. Osteosarcopenia is a particularly deleterious condition in older persons, increasing the risk of serious health events and reducing life expectancy. Calciotropic hormonal changes would identify people at risk and influence the evolution of health status of these people. This Chapter presents an inventory of current knowledge concerning the involvement of main calciotropic hormones in muscular and bone health of osteosarcopenic or at-risk patients.