The bone-cartilage interface

Abstract

Bone-cartilage interfaces in the body anchor together stiff bone and compliant cartilage in a thin region that progressively calcifies with aging. This bone-cartilage, or osteochondral, interface is of critical importance in articular joints and the spine due to the significant occurrence and health detriments of osteoarthritis and intervertebral disc degeneration. This chapter begins with a description of the morphological foundations of the bone-cartilage interface. We then consider how the composition and microstructural organization within osteochondral tissues influence the mechanics of the larger joint structure. The mechanical properties of tissues in the bone-cartilage interface are then discussed in relation to the functional requirements of the tissue.