This work addresses recent research in the area of pedestrian navigation aids that aims at finding alternatives to the widely used map-based turn-by-turn navigation systems in the context of Smart City environments. Four different approaches of pedestrian navigation systems were compared to each other in a user experiment that was conducted in a virtual environment: (1) map-based, (2) landmark-based, (3) augmented reality, and (4) public display navigation. The results of the experiment with 45 participants conducted in a virtual environment suggest that the augmented reality navigation performs best concerning efficiency and effectiveness and the landmark-based navigation performs worst in the context of Smart Cities.
CITATION STYLE
Stähli, L., Giannopoulos, I., & Raubal, M. (2021). Evaluation of pedestrian navigation in Smart Cities. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 48(6), 1728–1745. https://doi.org/10.1177/2399808320949538
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