Connected Vehicles and Driving Automation Systems

Abstract

With advancements in vehicle and road automation, vehicle control and decision-making responsibility are shifting from the driver to the system – or, more precisely, a complex system of systems. Millions of vehicles are on the verge of becoming connected and being absorbed into the Internet of Things. This promises significant improvements in traffic safety, mobility, and the environment. However, this expanding threat surface intensifies the vulnerability of transportation systems to cyber-physical threats. Following a brief history of vehicle and road automation, this chapter describes key elements of automation technologies associated with autonomous vehicles and connected vehicles; communications security concerns and cybersecurity standards; and actions taken by the United States and the European Union that can help meet these challenges. This chapter also includes examples of deployment activities in the USA and the European Union, and the ITS architectures that help designers, planners, developers, and engineers design and implement the required digital and physical infrastructures.