Hypoxic-Ischemic Injuries of a Brain

Abstract

Hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the brain are most diverse and require their differentiation into forms. Therefore, the chapter gives a morphological classification of these lesions, often with their synonyms. The presence of numerous synonyms for brain lesions indicates that they are still not clearly established and require further study and discussion. The described brain lesions are not sufficiently studied by clinicians, who, like neuroimaging studies, should rely on morphology data. In the chapter, some data of statistical, macroscopic, neurohistological, immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, neuroimaging, and clinical studies of the affected brain lesions are presented. The following brain lesions are described: selective neuronal necrosis; focal and widespread necrosis of the cortex, subcortical formations, trunk, cerebellum, and spinal cord; status marmoratus; edematous hemorrhagic leukoencephalopathy; telencephalic gliosis; subcortical leukomalacia; periventricular leukomalacia; diffuse leukomalacia; periventricular hemorrhagic infarction; cerebral infarcts; and multicystic encephalomalacia.