Bioinformatics in Drug Design and Delivery

Abstract

Bioinformatics is the one-stop solution to the problems in drug designing like large capital investments, human resources, technological expertise, regulations, and deadlines. Even after spending a large amount of money and effort, sometimes a drug fails to make up to the market. Genome sequence achieved by bioinformatics is very important because it helps scientists to find out the genes more easily and quickly. Structural biology determines the 3-D structure of biomolecules associated with cancer progression and development. Bioinformatics has extensive use of the genomic technique in diagnosis and management for pathogenic diseases like fungal, bacterial, and viral infections. Pathogen identification, strain typing, resistome analysis, and identification of virulence factors are some of the genomic approaches. Bioinformatics is used to overcome drug resistance by locating the antibiotic resistance genes present on a plasmid from the entire genome sequences of pathogens. It has therefore the revolutionary solution for the worldwide problem of antibiotic resistance. Its capacity to model the living cell and protein docking has enabled effective drug strategies to find the solution. Using computational biology and homology modeling biological annotations can be analyzed. This chapter follows the different methods regarding the role of bioinformatics in the current drug design and delivery system.