AML by design: Designing a central bank digital currency to stifle money laundering

Abstract

This article explores how technical central bank digital currency (CBDC) design choices can be used to make a CBDC inherently resistant to money laundering. These design choices not only further anti-money laundering (AML), but they can also help to better balance AML priorities with other goals including financial inclusion, privacy and compliance costs. Moreover, CBDCs provide an opportunity to measure the effectiveness of different design choices in real time. These measurements can facilitate the iterative redesign of CBDCs to identify optimal approaches to meeting regulatory objectives