The effect of wheat-rye translocation 1BL.1RS in a different quality genetic background on biological traits in wheat

Abstract

A sample of 139 varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), predominantly Serbian winter wheat varieties originated in the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, has been examined for presence of 1BL/1RS wheat-rye translocation. Two genotype groups consisted of varieties possessing and lacking the translocation have been compared. Stem rust, leaf rust, powdery mildew as well as, winter hardiness were studied. The influence of 1BL/1RS translocation was also studied in a light of wheat seed storage protein (glutenin and gliadin) genetic background composition. Genotypes having the translocation appeared to be more tolerant to stem rust, and leaf rust, but more susceptible to powdery mildew. These effects were slightly modified depending on the examined genetic background, but the effect of the rye 1RS translocated chromosome arm was the main cause for the observed differences.Uzorak od 139 sorti hlebne psenice (Triticum aestivum L.), pretezno srpske ozime psenice oplemenjenu u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu, su ispitane na prisustvo psenicno-razene translokacije 1Bl.1Rs. Uporedjene su dve grupe sorti, one koje su translokaciju posedovale i one koje su bile bez ove translokacije. Pracene su osobine otpornosti na stabljicnu rdju, lisnu rdju, pepelnicu i otpornost na niske temperature. Uticaj translokacije je pracen u genetickoj osnovi koja je varirala u pogledu konstitucije gena za rezervne proteine zrna psenice (glutenine i glijadine). Genotipovi koji su imali ispitivanu translokacije su iskazali vecu toleranciju na lisnu i stabljicnu rdju, kao i manju toleranciju na pepelnicu. Ovi efekti su bili u manjoj meri modifikovani u zavisnosti od varijacije gena kvaliteta, ali je efekat 1RS translokacije bio osnovni razlog primecenih razlika.