Certain models predict that the effect of top predators on producers depends on the number of trophic levels in the system (Fretwell, 1977; Oksanen et al., 1981); in a three-trophic-level system the effect is positive (as in Hairston et al.(1960)), whereas in a fourtrophic-level …
CITATION STYLE
Spiller, D. A., & Schoener, T. W. (1996). Food-Web Dynamics on Some Small Subtropical Islands: Effects of Top and Intermediate Predators. In Food Webs (pp. 160–169). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7007-3_15
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