Carbon (CO2)Footprint Determination: An Empirical Study of Families in Port Harcourt

Abstract

Dark soot has become a normal phenomenon in the main oil-producing city in Nigeria's Niger Delta region called Port Harcourt - as also reported in some Chinese cities in the recent past. While many acknowledge that the emissions are hazardous to health and environment,a universal determination and analysis method for the extent of the effect of soot is yet to be agreed. Against this background, this paper determines and analyzes the carbon footprint of an average family in Port Harcourt based on energy consumption and other sources of greenhouse gases. Using theinput-output approach and questionnaire, primary data werecollected on driving habits, energy generation, number of persons in the household, type of cooking device, travel mode and patterns, as well as fuel usage. The sampling instrument was administered to a random selection of 261 households within Port Harcourt that were identified and enrolled (through respective engagements) for the data gathering exercise. The sample population included family sizes that ranged from 1 to 12, in addition to a wide demographic mix. Data obtained from 61% of those contacted was used to determine associated CO2 emissions resulting from their family's activities. From cooking, electricity consumption, driving and air-travel, it was evidenced, based on the estimates, that the average family in Port Harcourt emits about 5.21tons of CO2e. Furthermore, it is revealed that by each person/family making minor changes to their daily routines, the cumulative effect of individual small savings will make significant impact in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and thereby climate change. Simple steps and policy actions are recommended for families to reduce their footprint.