Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant potential of oil from Arachis hypogaea L. in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats

Abstract

In this investigation, antihyperglycemic and antioxidant potential of oil of seeds of Arachis hypogaea (AHO) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ) induced type 2 diabetic rats was observed along with gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis. AHO was orally administered to diabetic rats to study its effect in both acute and chronic antihyperglycemic study. The body weight, oral glucose tolerance test and biochemical parameters: glucose level, insulin level, liver glycogen content, glycosylated hemoglobin and antioxidant parameters were estimated for all treated groups and compared against diabetic control group. GC-FID analysis showed the presence of major constituents as oleic acid (48.4500%), linoleic acid (32.6355%), palmitic acid (12.6988%) and arachidic acid (4.0814%). AHO (500 and 1000 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg) in respective groups of diabetic animals administered for 28 days reduced the blood glucose level in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. There was significant increase in body weight, liver glycogen content, plasma insulin level and decrease in the blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in test groups as compared to control group. In vivo antioxidant studies on STZ-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats revealed decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased reduced glutathione (GSH). Thus the investigation results that oil of seeds of A hypogaea have significant antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity.