DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN XIX AND XX CENTURIES CONCEPTIONS

Abstract

The development of studies of Chemical solutions occurred with two distinct concepts, the XIX century concept, and the XX century concept. XIX century concept was created before the Arrhenius’ electrolytic theory and it did not consider the real chemical species in solution. The differences between these concepts can seem subtle at a glance, but some examples are shown to clarify them, as well as the problems with use the XIX century concept. The examples involve differences in chemical equations, Henderson-Hasselbach Equation, Arrhenius’ Ionization degree, Acid-base and solubility equilibria.