Synthesis and characterization of novel alkyds derived from palm oil based polyester resin

Abstract

Alkyds that are formulated from an identical chemical composition will exhibit different properties and performance depending on the preparation process. In general, alkyds can be prepared from two processes, i.e., alcoholysis (monoglyceride) or fatty acid. Fatty acid process is chosen in this study as the preparation process of alkyd resin. In this process, it involves a step-by-step addition of material to complete the esterification at 180-250 °C. In addition, synthesis of alkyd can be carried out without solvent (fusion cook) or with solvent (solvent cook). Nowadays, the concern about emission of volatile organic compounds lead to reduction or elimination of solvents as base of industry materials in order to produce more environmental friendly products. In this project, three different alkyd resins namely alk-45, alk-47 and alk-65 were successfully synthesized under fatty acid process by employing without solvent technique. The prepared resins were characterized by FTIR, NMR, TGA, GPC and DSC instruments. Other physical tests such as acid number, hydroxyl number, moisture content were also performed.