The Effect of Auxin and Cytokinin on Black Orchid Hybrid (Coelogyne pandurata Lindley) in Vitro

Abstract

The Orchid is an ornamental plant with high economic value due to the emergence of unique varieties. These varieties are produced from conventional breeding methods of crossing and selection. Meanwhile, the propagation of orchids through in vivo hatcheries is constrained because the seeds are too small to contain the endosperm. Tissue culture is an alternative for the propagation of orchids Efforts to propagate orchids through tissue culture is carried out by adding Growth Regulatory Substances such as auxins groups, namely NAA, IBA, IAA, and cytokinin groups, namely BA, BAP, kinetin, and TDZ to MS media, to enable the plants to take up adequate nutrients for growth. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of various concentrations of NAA and BA on the best ½ MS media for the growth of orchid subcultures. A completely randomized design pattern (CRD) of 2 factors with 12 treatment combinations and four replications were used, totaling 48 experimental units. The results showed that the addition of 1ppm NAA had the highest number of roots and length, while the addition of BA at 3ppm had the highest height, and the combination of 1ppm NAA and BA 3ppm treatment produced the highest number of leaves (42 sheets) and shoots. Based on the results, the addition of NAA above 3ppm followed by BA at 6ppm can produce more leaves and shoots, while NAA above 3ppm can produce higher plant height