Wireless Coal Mine Monitoring System based on ESP-NOW Protocol for Real-Time Data Acquisition and Analysis

Abstract

Coal Mine monitoring is a critical task to ensure the safety of Miners and efficient mining operations. Traditional methods of monitoring rely on wired sensors, which are expensive to install and maintain. Wireless technologies offer a cost-effective and flexible solution to this problem. In this context, the use of the ESP-NOW protocol is proposed as a means of transmitting data from sensors in a Coal Mine to a central monitoring system where the data is processed and analysed in real time. ESP-NOW is a low-power wireless communication protocol that can be implemented on Node MCU. The proposed system can collect data from various sensors, including gas sensors, Temperature sensors, Particulate Matter sensors, and Humidity sensors, and send the data wirelessly to the nodes that are fixed at different locations on a tunnel surface that is connected to the central monitoring station. The system can detect potential safety hazards and provide early warning alerts to Mine operators as well as it is used in tracking the workers. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of ESP-NOW in Coal Mine monitoring where real-time data transmission is critical.