Botulinum toxin injection technique for treatment of headaches

Abstract

Botulinum toxin therapy may be considered for chronic daily headache when standard pharmacology is ineffective or results in adverse effects. Clinical observations and research suggest that botulinum toxin serotype A (BTX-A) may hold promise for pain treatment and headache prophylaxis by acting at the neuromuscular junction and through several antinociceptive mechanisms. This article introduces basic concepts that define headaches in the migraine continuum and provides an overview of BTX-A treatment.