The effect of proportion of ganyong starch and waste of straw rice on biodegradable foam production as sustainable packaging

Abstract

Biodegradable foam (biofoam) packaging is a prospective packaging material that could developed from starch. Canna as a starch sources tuber of 93.30% consist of amylose content of 42.40% and amylopectin 50.90% is not utilized optimally. Nevertheless, starch-based foams are brittle, hydrophilic and rigid. Natural fiber-based material such a rice straw could be added as a cavity filler; thus, obtained a strong and sturdy product. The method used for producing biofoam was the baking process at a temperature of 170°C for 15 minutes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of canna starch and rice straw fiber proportion on biofoam quality. The formulations used between canna starch and rice straw fiber were 4:0, 3:1, 2:2, and 1:3. Treatment with a ratio of 2:2 showed the best biodegradability for an average solubility and degradation of 18.900% and 82.693%, respectively. Meanwhile, the density parameter obtained from treatment with ratio of 1:3 of 0.225 gr/cm3 as the lightest density due contains more straw fiber. The results of the SEM test showed that the dough was not homogeneous, and no cavity formed in the biofoam structure. In addition, the results of the FTIR showed there was not alteration in the compound content from biofoam produced.