Exclosure experiments have demonstrated the effects of bird predation on arthropods. In a Mexican coffee plantation, we excluded foliage-gleaning bird and bat predators from coffee plants. Effects of bats and birds were additive. In the dry season, birds reduced arthropods in coffee plants by 30%; birds and bats together reduced arthropods by 46%. In the wet season, bats reduced arthropods by 84%, whereas birds reduced them by only 58%. We conclude that previous "bird" exclosure experiments may have systematically underestimated the effects of bats.
CITATION STYLE
Walker, J. M., & Sweeney, P. J. (1996). Removal of Pyroglutamic Acid Residues from the N-Terminus of Peptides and Proteins. In The Protein Protocols Handbook (pp. 525–527). Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-259-9_88
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