Evidence collection in cases of sexual assault

Abstract

A forensic examiner is called to collect evidential specimens from a victim or suspect of sexual assault. Evidence may variously be collected from the mouth, the vagina, the anus, the skin, the hair, the fingernails, the blood, and the urine and by observation and documentation of injuries and history. Despite the seemingly straightforward nature of this role, practices vary widely with regard to how a specimen is collected and the cutoff time periods for such collections. This chapter looks at the evidential basis for sampling of the mouth, the vagina, the anus, the fingernails, and the skin and highlights the need for ongoing research in this area. It aims to provide a ready reference for those working in the area who may be struggling to understand the rationale for such practices or who may be considering further research. This chapter is not designed to provide individuals with guidelines for the collection of evidence. When called upon to collect evidence from a victim or suspect of sexual assault, it is strongly recommended that an examiner adheres to local practice, procedure, and policy.