Structure formation in perfluoropentacene:diindenoperylene blends and its impact on transient effects in the optical properties studied in real-time during growth

Abstract

We discuss the result of the competing effects of favourable intermolecular interactions and steric incompatibilities due to the size mismatch of perfluoropentacene (PFP) and diindenoperylene (DIP) on the structure formation and associated optical properties in mixed films. Using real-time grazing incidence X-ray diffraction we investigate the size of coherently scattering islands ls as a function of film thickness and mixing ratio. We find that for PFP:DIP 1:2 blends ls is by a factor of ∼4 smaller than in pure DIP films, while ls of the PFP:DIP 2:1 blends is not significantly reduced compared with pure PFP. Yet, we observe an increase in ls with film thickness for all of the samples, independent on the mixing ratio. In parallel with the structural characterization we investigate the evolution of the absorption spectra in the visible spectral range and its dependence on ls in situ during film growth using differential reflectance spectroscopy. We observe a surprisingly strong effect of changes in the structural order on the shape of ε2, xy(E), evident by a pronounced evolution of characteristic peaks in the thickness range from 1.6 nm to 9.6 nm. The combined results of the real-time experiments allow to identify the thickness dependent crystal grain size as the origin of the observed transient effects in the absorption spectra. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.