Relationship between swallowing functions and health-related quality of life among community-dwelling dependent older individuals

Abstract

Aim: This study analyzed the association between swallowing function levels and health-related quality of life (QOL) among community-dwelling dependent older persons in Japan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of a purposive sample of community-dwelling dependent older individuals in Japan was conducted. Two swallowing functions (tongue pressure and lip-closure force), the risk of dysphagia, and health-related QOL (SF-8) were surveyed. Results: There were 86 (38.2%) men and 139 (61.8%) women, with a mean age of 81.6 ± 7.4 years. The activities of daily living-20 evaluation yielded a total score of 46.39 ± 10.18. The elderly participants had decreased swallowing functions. The risk-of-dysphagia score demonstrated a significant negative correlation with respect to the SF-8 subcategory scores. Moreover, the multiple regression analyses indicated that three variables exhibited significant negative differences: general health perceptions, mental health (SF-8 subarea), and activities of daily living. Conclusion: An increasing risk of dysphagia can lead to a deterioration in the health-related QOL among community-dwelling dependent older individuals. This implies that homecare interventions that address the deterioration of swallowing and the risk of dysphagia could be in high demand in the future.