Ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological aspects of Lantana camara L.: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Lantana camara L. grows luxuriantly at elevations up to 2000 m in tropical, sub-tropical and temperate regions across the globe. It is a woody straggling plant with diverse flower colors and cultivated world-wide for its ornamental value. The stems and branches are sometimes armed with prickles or spines. Lantana camara is traditionally used as folk remedy for different types of diseases and disorders like cancers, fever, influenza, stomach-ache, chicken pox, measles, fever, cold, rheumatism, asthma, high blood pressure, bronchitis, anthelmintic and insecticide. The phytochemical investigation of the L. camara, as carried out so far, has allowed the identification of more than 250 compounds with varying structural skeletons which include, but are not limited to, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoid glycosides, and steroids. Moreover, L. camara exhibits a diversity of biological activities like antimicrobial activity, anti-protozoal activity, antioxidant, antifeedant, wound healing, anthelmintic, antiplorifertive and many other activities. The present review provides in depth information on ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological aspects of L. camara.