Substituted benzothiazoles: Synthesis and medicinal characteristics

Abstract

The attractiveness of heterocyclic compounds in medicinal chemistry has increased significantly in the past few decades as they have been proven to be highly active for a number of purposes. More specifically, the benzothiazole-containing heterocyclic compounds have shown great promise in the pharmaceutical industry. As continuation of our first review article of the synthesis and specific applications of various benzothiazole cyanine dyes (Henary, M.; Paranjpe, S.; Owens, E. A. Synthesis and application of benzothiazole containing cyanine dyes. Heterocycl. Commun. 2013, 19, 1-11), we will focus in this review on the synthesis and medical applications of alternate compounds that utilize the benzothiazole scaffold as a part of their molecular structure. Benzothiazole derivatives encompass an attractive heterocyclic class that exhibits exciting medicinal properties. The applicability of these heterocyclic structures includes positron emission tomography probes for monitoring Alzheimer ' s disease progression; furthermore, these compounds exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic and anti-HIV activity. Benzothiazole-containing heterocyclic structures are prominent throughout the literature and it is very important to acknowledge their efficacy and applicability. Herein, we review the recent developments covering the past few years concerning the advancements in synthetic methodology for the preparation of medicinally relevant benzothiazole-containing heterocyclic structures.