Nurses Cultural Competence in Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Diversity is a challenge and an opportunity, resulting in a change toward providing services suited to clients’ cultural needs and desires. Nurses working with culturally diverse populations face unique challenges because of the coexistence of diverse cultural and ethnic societies. Hence, the study’s purpose has been to evaluate the current state of cultural competence and the factors that influence it among nurses in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: From December 1 to December 30, 2021, nurses at eight public healthcare facilities in southwest Ethiopia were enrolled in a facility-based cross-sectional study. Participants were selected using a simple random sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Epi data 4.1 was used to enter the data, and SPSS version 26 was used for analysis. To identify factors associated with cultural competence, bivariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Two hundred thirty-seven nurses took part in the study, yielding an 86.1% response rate. The mean age was 28.83 years (standard deviation = ±5.48). The mean cultural competence score among healthcare professionals was 1.95 ± 0.32. Marital status (p < 0.05) and the use of healthcare interpreters (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with cultural competence. Conclusion: Nurses had a low level of cultural competence. Cultural competence varies according to a number of factors, including marital status and the use of healthcare interpreters. Nurses are better suited to focus on the ethnic diversity of their patients, which necessitates the provision of cultural competence training for nurses.