Caracterização fitofisionômica e levantamento florístico preliminar no pantanal dos rios Mortes-Araguaia, Cocalinho, Mato Grosso, Brasil

Abstract

This study was carried out in the Pantanal of the Mortes and Araguaia rivers, a flooded plain located in Cocalinho, northeastern Mato Grosso, Brazil. The objectives of this study were to conduct a preliminary survey of the flora and to characterize the vegetation types. Three representative sites were selected: one near Rio das Mortes (12° 37‘S; 50° 55‘W), one at the mouth of Araguaia and Mortes rivers (11° 54‘S; 50° 48‘W) and one in the middle portion of the Cristalino river (12° 52‘S; 50° 49‘W). Sampling was by the Rapid Survey method. Eight vegetation types were identified: Mata Inundável (swamp forest), Caapão (also swamp forest), Babaçual (Attalea speciosa forest), Cerradão, Cerrado stricto sensu (savanna types, closed canopy woodland and savanna grassland, respectively), Campo de Murunduns (grassland with scattered mounds bearing termites), Campo de Byrsonima orbignyana (grassland dominated by B. orbignyana) and Campo Cerrado de Vochysia rufa (grassland with scattered trees of V. rufa). A total of 248 species of trees, shrubs and lianas were recorded, distributed in 158 genera and 62 families. The vegetation types were heterogeneous; none of the species occurred at all sites, but Alibertia edulis (L. Rich.) A. Rich., Andira cuyabensis Benth., Maprounea guianensis (Aubl.) M. Arg., and others, were found at six sites. The families richest in species were Caesalpiniaceae, Annonaceae and Myrtaceae. The flora apparently was similar to that of the Pantanal of Paraguai river, however, further studies are needed to confirm. This Heterogeneous vegetation patterns in the study area indicate the need to protect the Pantanal of the Mortes and Araguaia rivers.