Analysis of indole compounds quantity in biomass of edible basidiomycota species from in vitro cultures and from cultures supplemented with L-Tryptophan

Abstract

The analysis demonstrated that biomass of Agaricus bisporus, Boletus badius, and Cantharellus cibarius contains non-hallucinogenic indole compounds. Addition of L-tryptophan to the in vitro cultures raised the total content of indole compounds. L-Tryptophan became metabolized, causing an increase of the concentration of some indole compounds. The compounds found in the tested biomass from in vitro culture on Oddoux medium without and with addition of L-tryptophan were L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, serotonin, melatonin, tryptamine, and 5-methyltryptamine (ranged from 4.28 to 132.51 mg/100 g dry weight). L-Tryptophan is an amino acid exogenous to the human body, and therefore, it must be supplied to the body with food. The highest amount of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan was found in the extracts from biomass of B. badius cultured on medium with addition of L-tryptophan (132.51 mg/100 g dry weight). Also, in this case, the highest total content of examined indole compounds (168.00 mg/100 g dry weight) was determined. Melatonin was found only in biomass of A. bisporus cultured on medium with addition of L-tryptophan but in smaller amount (4.28 mg/100 g dry weight).