“RAZA”: VARIABLES HISTÓRICAS

  • Max S. H
N/ACitations
Citations of this article
29Readers
Mendeley users who have this article in their library.

Abstract

Resumen En el presente artículo se defi ne la "raza" como una construcción y práctica social, así como un ideario que se ha desarrollado a través del poder del discurso. Dicha categoría, más que una realidad biológica, es una construcción intelectual y social que conlleva una variedad de contenidos signifi cativos a lo largo de la historia. Sin embargo, el concepto de "raza" ha conservado su funcionalidad: diferenciar, segregar, tergiversar la otredad y, de esta manera, "racializar" (racialization) por medio del determinismo biológico las relaciones sociales. Con el fi n de comprobar esta hipótesis, el texto a continuación presenta un análisis histórico que evidencia la dinámica y variabilidad del imaginario de "raza". Un esbozo histórico que, si bien no pretende abarcar la totalidad de la historia del racismo, comprende la "Limpieza de Sangre" en España (siglos XIV-XVII), los discursos legitimadores de la nobleza francesa (siglos XVI-XVIII), las taxonomías seudocientífi cas (siglos XVII y XVIII), la ambivalencia de la Ilustración y el racismo científi co (siglo XIX) como preludio de la Shoah. Finalmente, se presentan un balance y unas refl exiones derivadas de la genética como prueba adicional de la fi cción del concepto en cuestión. Abstract This article addresses "race" as a social practice, a construction, and as an idea that has been developed through the power of discourse. This category, rather than a biological reality, is an intellectual and social construction which has had a variety of meanings attributed to it through history. The concept of "race," however, has preserved its functionality: to differentiate, segregate, and distort otherness. In this way, it has racialized social relations through biological determinism. To substantiate this hypothesis, the article undertakes a historical analysis to demonstrate the dynamics and variability of the racial imaginary. It sketches the outline of a history of race that includes the Spanish idea of the "Purity of Blood" (16-17th centuries), the legitimizing discourses of the French nobility (17-18th centuries), the ambivalence of the Enlightenment, as well as 19th century scientifi c racism as a prelude of the Holocaust or Shoah. The article concludes with some refl ections derived from genetics as additional proof of the fi ctional nature of the concept of "race."

Cite

CITATION STYLE

APA

Max S., H. T. (2007). “RAZA”: VARIABLES HISTÓRICAS. Revista de Estudios Sociales, (26), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.7440/res26.2007.01

Register to see more suggestions

Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.

Already have an account?

Save time finding and organizing research with Mendeley

Sign up for free