Uji Beberapa Jamur Antagonis Terhadap Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Buah Apel Manalagi (Malus sylvestris) Secara In Vitro

Abstract

Colletotrichum Gloeosporiodes is one of the pathogenic fungi that causes fruit rot disease in apple plants. The control that has been widely used so far is chemical fungicides which cause negative effects, it is necessary to use an alternative control using antagonistic fungi that is safe and environmentally friendly. This study aims to determine the inhibition of several antagonistic fungi against the growth of the pathogen C. gloeosporiodes. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 types of antagonist fungi, 1 control and 5 replications. Antagonism test using dual culture method between antagonistic fungi Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viridae, Trichoderma koningii, and Gliocladium sp. with C. gloeosporiodes. The test results showed that the antagonist fungus that had the highest percentage of inhibition against C. gloeosporiodes was T. harzianum at 87.8% and had a high inhibitory power category with a crude extract chitinase enzyme activity value of 4.30 U/mL and Gliocladium sp. has the lowest percentage of inhibition 64.3%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that T. harzianum has a high potential to control fruit rot disease in apples because it contains the chitinase enzyme which can degrade the cell wall of the pathogenic C. gloeosporiodes.