Exercise Training Modalities in Lower Limb Peripheral Artery Disease

Abstract

Walking performance is reduced in lower limb peripheral artery disease (LLPAD) patients. This may lead to reduced daily life activities and quality of life, and contribute to increased mortality risk. Regular exercise training is recommended as one of the primary baseline measures to reduce cardiovascular risk and improve walking performance, physical functioning, aerobic fitness, and quality of life in LLPAD patients. Walking and lower extremity aerobic training are the most common modes of training. However, by reason of more severe claudication pain, lower pain tolerance, increased risk of fall linked with an impaired balance, and/or other comorbidities, elderly LLPAD patients cannot always complete a walking training session. Therefore, alternative modes of training (e.g., arm crank ergometer, resistance training, Nordic pole walking, cycling) have also been evaluated, and promising results were found. These different training modalities (other than walking) are safe and effective and allow elderly LLPAD patients to benefit from rehabilitation programs taking into account their specific needs.