Computer-Supported Teaching and Learning Systems in Medicine

Abstract

In 1999, the scenario University in the Year 2005 predicted that by 2005 half of all students would be studying at virtual universities, while there would be only a small core of traditional universities left. Obviously, this prediction did not come true, and the scenario is far from being realized, even today (Sects. 64.1-64.3). However, there is a visible trend towards using computer-supported teaching and learning systems in medical studies at traditional universities within blended learning (BL) concepts (Sect. 64.5). A meta-analysis by Cook et al. showed that studying supported by internet-based learning is at least equal to traditional forms of teaching {[}64.1]. In German-speaking countries, the term computer-based training (CBT) is frequently used for computer-supported training, but there are a plethora of other English-derived terms that are also in use, such as computer-assisted instruction (CAI), computer-assisted learning (CAL) and computer-based instruction (CBI). The term web-based training (WBT) {[}64.2] is used if the applications are based on web technology and accessed via the web. The term e-Learning {[}64.3] (electronic-learning) is somewhat broader, and aside from CBT and WBT - also includes other forms of digital learning such as computer-supported cooperative/collaborative learning (CSCL) (Sects. 64.5 and 64.6). Against the backdrop of the historical development and moves toward reforming the medical curriculum, an overview over the relevant aspects of CBT/WBT systems in medical studies are presented in this chapter; in particular, questions regarding the integration of the curriculum and the sustainability of reforms.