Reconstruction of Saddle Nose Deformity

Abstract

Saddle nose deformity results from many different etiological factors. Trauma and previous surgeries are the most common reasons, whereas the intranasal foreign body, infections of the septum, and cocaine abuse should also be kept in mind. Different types of etiologies are related to various types of deformities. The term “saddle nose” is attributed to this clinical outcome as it looks like a saddle from the lateral view. It may concern both the functional and cosmetic aspects of the nose. Various subtypes of the deformity lead to different treatment modalities. Various types of grafts are frequently used in nasal reconstruction surgery. In time, materials used for grafting changed as required. Availability, durability, sufficiency, formability, low donor site morbidity, and low extrusion risk are characteristics of the ideal graft material. Grafts should not cause any immune or inflammatory reaction. Synthetic grafts and homografts have been used over time; but shifting, extrusion, and infection risks have limited their use. There are different donor site options for autografts, including iliac crest and calvarial bone. Many autologous and synthetic materials are used for augmentation rhinoplasty. Cultured autologous human auricular chondrocytes were used for grafting. Alloderm, Gore-Tex®, silicone, Medpor®, etc. are some options of alloplasts. In nearly all saddle nose cases, open approach is also preferred for a better exposition and easily detection and reconstruction of deformity.