Water quality issues needing technological interventions: Sustainable availability for all

Abstract

The fact that existence of life is entirely because of the availability of water and since water cannot be manufactured, it becomes utmost essential to take care of the various resources of water for sustainability. In order to ensure quality water, the management of water resources requires extreme care and caution. Water is the key resource for life support systems. It is only due to the existence of water that agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, marines, etc. is possible. Due to its unique properties, water is an important raw material for various industrial and household products. As per the recent trends, industrial products based on organic solvents are being reformulated using water. For setting up of any industry, one always ensures the sustainable availability of quality water. Water has also been used for transportation. Whichever purposes the water is used for, it is important that water should be of desired quality; use of poor quality water can be worse than the non-availability of water. Water is not only non-degradable but also it can neither be created nor be destroyed. The unique nature of imbibing everything, water gets in contact with, is the concern! The moment water gets in contact with any surface or a substance, it picks up the various constituents from the matrix in contact, resulting in the conversion of quality water into wastewater. The deterioration of quality starts when the measures for protection of water from contamination are inadequate. Therefore, to avoid spoilage of quality water and to recover quality water from wastewater are the key priority tasks for which technological interventions are needed. The present paper deals with various aspects of availability of quality water.