A Review on Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals And Role of Analytical Technques in Quantitative Estimation of Envornmental Samples

Abstract

The contamination of soil is a source of danger to the health of people at different levels including villages and cities. Modern industrialization was the main causes to discharge various heavey metals and which reaches to the soil in the form of aerosols, particulate matter, dust, effluents and solidwaste. These heavy metals will transfer from soil to plants and ultimately endangers for human health. Therefore, the knowledge of the regional variability, the background values and anthropogenic versus natural origin of potentially harmful elements/metals in soils is of critical importance to assess on human impact. In view of its seriousness, quantification of heavy metals using analytical techniques in soils is significant. This review article is mainly focusing on extensive literature survey in respect of soil contamination through heavy metals, employing of various analytical techniques including AAS, ICP-AES, ICP-OES and ICP-MS in quantitative estimations of toxic metals and review of various research articles appeared in National and International Journals of repute.