Numerical Research on the Effect of the Initial Parameters of a CME Flux-rope Model on Simulation Results. II. Different Locations of Observers

Abstract

In numerical studies of the initiation and propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), it has been proven that the shape, size, and plasma parameters of CMEs could significantly affect simulation results and subsequent space weather predictions. In our previous research, we proposed a new way to initiate a CME based on the graduated cylindrical shell model, and studied the effect of different initial parameters of CMEs on the simulation results when the observer is aligned with the initial propagation direction of the CME. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the different initial parameters of CMEs on simulation results at the observational points with different longitudes and latitudes. Our results indicate that as long as the initial mass of the CME remains unchanged, the initial geometric thickness will have a different influence in the latitudinal and longitudinal directions. The deflection of the CMEs always occurs in both latitudinal and longitudinal directions, when the CMEs interact with the background solar wind structures, such as the corotating interaction region, in the heliosphere.