Survey of equine cutaneous neoplasia in the Pacific Northwest

Abstract

A retrospective study examined data regarding equine cutaneous and mucocutaneous neoplasms submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Oregon State University in a 3.5-year period. A total of 536 neoplasms were identified, accounting for 30% of the total equine pathology submissions. Sarcoid, squamous cell carcinoma, melanocytic tumors, papillomas, and mast cell tumors were the most common neoplasms, constituting 87.5% of all cutaneous neoplasms. Sarcoids represented 51.4% of all neoplasms and 15.18% of total equine accessions. Sarcoid was most common in paints, quarter horses, and Arabians, and was the only common tumor in donkeys and mules. Mean age at diagnosis of equine sarcoid was 9 years. Squamous cell carcinoma constituted 18.3% of all neoplasms and 5.41% of total equine accessions. Ocular squamous cell carcinoma was most common in paints and quarter horses, and penile/preputial squamous cell carcinoma was most common in appaloosas and quarter horses. The mean age of horses with ocular squamous cell carcinoma (13 years) and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (15 years) was significantly less (P < 0.5) than that of horses with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis and prepuce (21 years) or vulva, anal, and perianal skin (19 years). Findings suggest that equine sarcoid and squamous cell carcinoma occur more frequently in the Pacific Northwest than in the northeastern United States.