Multiple myeloma: A retrospective analysis of 61 patients from a tertiary care center

Abstract

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an acquired clonal B-cell malignancy which primarily affects elderly individuals with an annual incidence of approximately 1% of all malignancies. Our aim is to study demographic and clinicopathological features of adult Pakistani MM patients at presentation. Materials and Methods: This single centre retrospective study extended from January 2010 to December 2014. Data were retrieved from the patients' maintained records on predetermined performa. Results: Overall, 61 patients were diagnosed at our institution with MM during the study period. There were 43 males and 18 females. Age ranged between 34 and 81 years with a mean of 56.1±12.8 and a median of 57 years. The male to female ratio was ~2:1. Common presenting complaints included fatigue (81.9%), backache (80.3%) and bone pain (67.2%). Physical findings revealed pallor (44.2%) as a presenting clinical feature. The mean hemoglobin value was 8.9±1.7g/dl with a mean MCV of 85.3±11.0 fl. Severe anemia with hemoglobin < 8.5 gm/dl was seen in 40.9%. The mean total leukocyte count was 8.9±8.2x109/l, the ANC was 5.0±3.1x109/l and the mean platelet count was 188.4±150.6x109/l. Conclusions: MM in Pakistani patients is seen in a relatively young population with male preponderance. The majority of patients present with symptomatic anemia and backache to seek medical attention. However, clinico-pathological features appear comparable to the published literature.