Research progress of hydrogen storage based on carbon–based materials with the spillover method at room temperature

Abstract

Hydrogen storage technology is a critical segment for solving future energy problems and is currently an escalating issue for developing our energy economy. In the past two decades, numerous theoretical works and hydrogen storage experiments have been carried out to explore hydrogen storage through the hydrogen spillover method. Hydrogen spillover was found to be an effective method to improve the hydrogen storage performance of carbon–based materials at room temperature. This review mainly addressed the principles of hydrogen spillover, evidence for improving hydrogen storage efficiency, and theoretical studies on the spillover method. In an effort to find some ideas on which materials could be used to store hydrogen at room temperature, we summarized the influencing components of spillover for hydrogen storage from three perspectives: hydrogen storage materials, efficient catalysts, and other factors. Finally, we outlined the current problems and future research directions for hydrogen storage at room temperature and proposed some strategies to address them.