Probabilistic Thinking, Thermodynamics and the Interaction of the History and Philosophy of Science

Abstract

TABLE OF CONTENTS OF COMPANION VOLUME PREFACE vii ix PROGRAM OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE xiii SECTION IV: PROBABILITY THEORY AND PROBABILISTIC THINKING IN THE CLASSICAL MODERN PERIOD IVO SCHNEIDER / Why Do We Find the Origin of a Ca1culus of Probabilities in the Seventeenth Century? LUBOS NOVY / Some Remarks on the Ca1culus of Probability in the Eighteenth Century v. N. KOSTIOUK / Probability and the Problem of Induction ANNE M. FAGOT / Probabilities and Causes: On Life Tables, Causes of Death, and Etiological Diagnoses IA N HA C KIN G / From the Emergence of Probability to the Erosion of Determinism WESLEY C. SALMON / John Venn's Logic 0/ Chance WESLEY C. SALMON / Robert Leslie Ellis and the Frequency Theory 3 25 33 41 105 125 139 SECTION V: THERMODYNAMICS AND PHYSICAL REALITY LORENZ KRÜGER / Reduction as a Problem: Some Remarks on the History of Statistical Mechanics from a Philosophical Point of View ERWIN N. HIEBERT Boltzmann's Conception of Theory Con- struction: The Promotion of Pluralism, ProvisionaIism, and Pragmatic ReaIis'm v 147 175 VI TABLE OF CONTENTS V. KAR T S E V I The Mach-Boltzmann Controversy and Max- well's Views on Physical Reality o. A. L E Z H N EVA I Boltzmann, Mach and Russian Physicists of the Late Nineteenth Century CARLOS-ULISES MOULINES I An Example of a Theory- Frame: Equilibrium Thermodynamics 199 207 211 SECTION VI: WHAT CAN THE HISTORY ANO PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE ANO PHILOSOPHY 00 FOR EACH OTHER? A ROUNO-TABLE OISCUSSION EV ANDRO AGAZZI I What Have the History and Philosophy of Science to 00 for One Another? 241 L.A. MARKOVA I A Comment on E. Agazzi, 'What Have the History and Philosophy of Science to 00 for One Another?' 249 ROBERT E. BUTTS I Methodology and the Functional Identity of Science and Philosophy 253 1.D. NORTH I On Making History 271 L.A. MARKOVA I A Comment on J.O. North, 'On Making History' 283 CARLOS-ULISES MOULINES I Reply to J.O. North, 'On Making History' 287 L. V. C H ES N 0 V A I Influences of Some Concepts of Biology on Progress in Philosophy 291 E.M. MIRSKY I Philosophy of Science, History of Science, and Science of Science 295 L.1. U V A R 0 V A I Interrelations between History of Science and Philosophy of Science in Research in the Oevelopment of Technical Sciences 301 M.S. BASTRAKOVA I From History of Science to Theory of Science: An Essay on V.I. Vernadsky's Work (1863-1945) 305 JOHN E. MURDOCH I Utility versus Truth: At Least One Reflection on the Importance of the Philosophy of Science for the History of Science 311 INDEX OF NAMES INDEX OF SUBJECTS 321 325 TABLE OF CONTENTS OF COMPANION VOLUME PREFACE PROGRAM OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE SECTION I: THE STRUCTURE OF THEORY CHANGE ILKKA NIINILUOTO / The Growth of Theories: Comments on the Structuralist Approach v . N . S A D 0 V S K Y / Logic and the Theory of Scientific Change ZEV BECHLER / What Have They Done to Kuhn? An Ideological Introduction in Chiaroscuro ROBERT E. BUTTS / Comment on Zev Bechler's Paper 'What Have They Done to Kuhn?' JOSEPH D. SN!"ED / Comments on Bechler, Niiniluoto and Sadovsky B . G. Y U DI N / The Sociological and the Methodological in the Study of Changes in Science SECTION 11: THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE AXIOMA TIC METHOD M. v. pOP 0 V ICH / Concerning the Ancient Greek Ideal of Theoretical Thought KAREL BERKA / Was There an Eleatic Background to Pre- Euclidean Mathematics? JAAKKO HINTIKKA / Aristotelian Axiomatics and Geometri- cal Axiomatics WILBUR RICHARD KNORR / On the Early History of Axiomatics: The Interaction of Mathematics and PhiIosophy in Greek Antiquity vii VlIl TABLE OF CONTENTS OF COMPANION VOLUME FILIPPO FRANCIOSI I Some Remarks on the Controversy between Prof. Knorr and Prof. Szab6 WILBUR RICHARD KNORR I On the Early History of Axiomatics: A Reply to Some Criticisms PATRICK SUPPES I Limitations of the Axiomatic Method in Ancient Greek Mathematical Sciences s.s. DEMIDOV I On Axiomatic and Genetic Construction of Mathematical Theories F. A. ME D V E D E V I On the Role ofAxiomatic Method in the Development of Ancient Mathematics SECTION III: THE PHILOSOPHICAL PRESUPPOSITIONS AND SHIFTING INTERPRETATIONS OF GALILEO MAURICE CLAVELIN I Galilee et la Mecanisation du Sys- teme du Monde B. KUZNETSOV I Galileo and the Post-Renaissance DAVID GRUENDER I GaIiIeo and the Methods of Science A.C. CROMBIE I Philosophical Presuppositions and Shifting Interpretations of Galileo v.s. KIRSANOV and L.A. MARKOVA I Creative Work as an Object of Theoretical Understanding w. L. WISAN I GaliIeo and the Emergence of a N ew Scientific Style N. J ARDINE I PhiIosophy of Science and the Art of Historical Interpretation INDEX OF N AMES INDEX OF SUBJE