Deconstructing the SME spectrum from a knowledge management perspective: Proposing an adapted SECI model

Abstract

The term SME [Small to Medium Enterprise] is used extensively, both by practitioners and by academics. However, while both argue the importance of research relevant to SMEs few follow the same definition of the term. The lack of agreement has fostered inconsistency, as within the definition of SME, multiple heterogeneous subcategories exist and research specific to each of those subcategories has not yet received serious academic attention. SME-specific research is essential, as they are not simply scaled-down versions of their larger counterparts; neither are businesses belonging to the SME category identical in terms of their characteristics and reactions. To ensure survival and continual advancement in modern environments, innovation, resourcefulness and particularly, knowledge play a crucial role in long-term success. Thus, deconstructing the differences that exist within the broad range of business categories within the SME spectrum, and how those differences impact knowledge management, offers valuable insights. This article argues that the differences between small (50 employees or less) and medium (250 employees or less) businesses are correlated with the inconsistencies in the literature, and proposes an adapted SECI model to view SME knowledge management in a new light.